Expected questions for NCERT Class 7 Geography Chapter 1 Environment are given below.

1. What is environment?

Environment is essentially our surroundings and all that we see in it. People, things, mountains, rivers and seas are all part of it.

2. How do human beings modify the environment?

Human beings modify the environment in many ways. For example, we build homes, cars, mills and factories. We use land to grow crops. We collect water in pots and serve food in vessels. We clear forests to cultivate land. Cars made by humans pollute the air. These are some of the way in which human beings modify their environment.

3. What is the difference between biotic and abiotic environment?

Biotic

The world of living organisms is called the biotic environment. Components of biotic environment are plants and animals.

Abiotic

The world of non-living things is called abiotic environment. Land and vehicles are part of the abiotic environment.

4. Name the three components of the environment are:

a) Natural
b) Human
c) Human made

5. Give some examples of the natural environment

Land (lithosphere)
Air (atmosphere)
Water (hydrosphere)
Living things (biosphere)

6. Give some examples of human made environment

Buildings, parks, bridges, roads, monuments, industries etc.

7. Give some examples of human environment?

Individuals, family, community, religion, education, economic, political situation

8. Explain the natural environment?

The natural environment consists of land, air, water, plants and animals. The natural environment is divided into four parts. They are:

Lithosphere
It is the solid crust or the hard top layer of the earth. It is made up of rocks and minerals and covered by a thin layer of soil.

Hydrosphere
The domain of water is referred to as hydrosphere. It comprises various sources of water and different types of water bodies like rivers, oceans, sea etc. It is essential for all living organisms.

Atmosphere
The atmosphere is the thin layer of that surrounds the earth. The gravitation force of the earth holds the atmosphere around it.

Biosphere
Plant and animal kingdom together make biosphere or the living world. It is a narrow zone of the earth where land, water and air interact with each other to support life.

9. Define ecosystem

All living beings depend on their immediate surroundings for their survival. In other words, they are interdependent. These relations of dependence and interdependence together constitute the ecosystem. Thus, the ecosystem is a system formed by the interactions of all living things with one another and with the physical and chemical factors of the environment in which they live.