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NCERT Class 7 Science Chapter 12 | Reproduction In Plants | Important Questions

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Here are important questions from NCERT class 7 Science chapter 12 Reproduction in Plants.

1. What is reproduction?

The production of new individuals from their parents is called reproduction.

2. List the vegetative parts of a plant.

Roots, stems and leaves

3. What is the function of flowers in a plant?

They perform the function of reproduction in plants. They are called the reproductive parts of plants.

4. What are the two types of reproduction in plants? Explain

The two types of reproduction in plants are:

Asexual reproduction: In asexual reproduction plants can give rise to new plants without the help of the seeds.

Sexual reproduction: in sexual reproduction new plants are formed from the seeds.

5. In asexual reproduction the plants are produced from the ………………………………………..

Roots, stems, leaves and buds of the plant

6. What is vegetative propagation?

This is a type of asexual reproduction in which the new plants are formed from the vegetative parts like the root, stem, leaves and buds of the plant. This is called vegetative propagation.

7. What is a node?

It is a part of the stem/branch from which the leaf arises.

8. What is a vegetative bud?

Vegetative buds are the buds in the axile which develop into shoots. Vegetative buds can also give rise to new plants.

9. Which part of a potato is called the eyes?

The scars which are present on a potato are called the eyes. The potato plant is grown from these eyes.

10. Which plant has buds in the margin of leaves?

Bryophyllum (sprout leaf plant)

11. Give two examples of plants which are grown from the root?

Sweet potato and dahlia

12. Plants such as ……………….. produce new plants when their parts get detached from the main plant body.

Cacti

13. What are the advantages of vegetative propagation?

Plants that are produced by vegetative propagation take less time to grow and bear flowers and fruits earlier than those produced from seeds. The new plants are exact copies of the parent plant as they are produced from a single parent.

14. Plants produced by ………………………..reproduction have characters of both the parents 

 sexual

15. Plants produce seeds as a result of……………………reproduction.

sexual

16. Give an example of a single-celled organism?

Yeast

17. What is a bud in yeast?

The bud is the small bulb-like projection coming out from the yeast cell. As the bud grows it will get detached from the parent cell and thus a new yeast cell will be formed.

18. What is budding?

Budding is the process by which yeast cells reproduce. Yeast is a single celled organism and if sufficient nutrients are available to it, it will multiply every few hours. When a yeast cell is about the multiply a small bulb-like structure will come out of it. This is called a bud. As the bud grows it will get detached from the parent cell forming a new yeast cell. Sometimes a new bud may arise from the first bud forming a chain of buds. If this process continues, a large number of yeast cells will be produced in a short time.

19. What are the slimy green patches that we find in stagnant water bodies?

Algae

20. What is the method of reproduction in algae?

Fragmentation

21. How does algae reproduce?

Algae reproduce by fragmentation. During this process, an alga will break up into two or more fragments. These fragments will grow into new algae and the process will continue.

22. What are spores?

Spores are asexual reproductive bodies. each spore is covered by a hard protective coat to withstand unfavourable conditions such as high temperature and low humidity. Because of this protective coating, they can survive for a long time. Under favourable conditions, a spore germinates and develops into a new individual. Fungi reproduces by means of spores. Moss and ferns also reproduce by means of spores

23. ………………………..are the reproductive parts of a plant

Flowers

24. What are the male and female reproductive parts of a plant?

Stamens, pistils

25. What are unisexual flowers?

These are flowers that contain either pistil or stamen only. Examples of plants with unisexual flowers are: corn, papaya and cucumber

26. What are bisexual flowers?

These are flowers which contain both stamen and pistil. Examples of plants with bisexual flowers are: mustard, rose, petunia

27. What are the main parts of a stamen?

Anther and filament

28. What are the important parts of a pistil?

Stigma, style and ovary

29. In sexual reproduction in plants, a male gamete and a female gamete fuse to form a …………………………….

Zygote

30. How does pollination occur in plants?

Anther contains pollen grains which produce male gametes. Pollen grains have a rough protective coat which prevents them from drying up. Since pollen grains are lightweight, they are easily carried away by winds or water. Insects visiting the flowers may also carry some of the pollen on their bodies. When they visit other flowers of the same kind, some of the pollen may land on the stigma of a flower. This transfer of pollen from the anther of a flower to the stigma is called pollination.

31. What is self-pollination?

Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther of a flower to the stigma. When pollen from the anther lands on the stigma of the same flower or another flower of the same plant, it is called self-pollination.

32. What is cross-pollination?

When the pollen lands on the stigma of a flower of another plant of the same kind it is called cross pollination.

33. What is fertilization?

Fertilisation is the process of fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote. The zygote then develops into an embryo.

34. How are fruits and seeds formed?

After fertilization, the ovary grows into a fruit. Seeds develop from the ovules present in the ovary. The seed contains an embryo enclosed in a protective seed coat.

35. How do plants benefit from seed dispersal?

Seed dispersal makes it possible for plants of the same kind to grow in different places. If all seeds of a plant fall in the same place, there will be severe competition for sunlight, water, minerals and space. As a result, the seeds will not be able to grow into healthy plants. Seed dispersal prevents competition between a plant and its seedlings for sunlight and other nutrients. It also enables plants to find new habitats.

36. What are the different methods of seed dispersal?

Seeds are carried away by wind, water and animals. Winged seeds and light seeds are easily carried by winds. Some seeds are dispersed by water. They tend to have floating ability in the form of a spongy outer coat. Some seeds have hooks which get attached to the bodies of animals and are thus carried to different places. Some seeds burst with sudden jerks. During this process, the seeds get scattered far from the plant.

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