Here are answers for textbook questions from the chapter Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate. You can find important questions from this chapter here.

1. Name the elements that determine the weather of a place.

Temperature, humidity, rainfall and windspeed are some of the elements that determine the weather of a place.

2. When are the maximum and minimum temperatures likely to occur during the day?

The maximum temperature is likely to occur in the afternoon and minimum temperature is likely to occur early in the morning.

3. Fill in the blanks:

(i) The average weather taken over a long time is called …………………..

climate

(ii) A place receives very little rainfall and the temperature is high throughout the year, the climate of that place will be ………………….. and …………………..

hot and dry

(iii) The two regions of the earth with extreme climatic conditions are ……………………. and ……………………

polar regions and tropical regions

4. Indicate the type of climate of the following areas:

(a) Jammu and Kashmir

Moderately hot and wet

(b) Kerala

Very hot and wet

(c) Rajasthan

Hot and dry

(d) North-east India

Wet

5. Which of the two changes frequently, weather or climate?

Weather changes frequently. Climate is average weather pattern taken over a long time.

6. Following are some of the characteristics of animals:

(i) diet heavy on fruits – tropical rainforests

(ii) white fur – polar region

(iii) need to migrate – polar region

(iv) loud voice – tropical rainforests

(v) sticky pads on feet – tropical rainforests

(vi) layer of fat under skin – polar region

(vii) wide and large paws – polar region

(viii) bright colours – tropical rainforests

(ix) strong tails – tropical rainforests

(x) long and large beak – tropical rainforests

7. The tropical rainforest has a large population of animals. Explain why it is so.

Tropical rainforests are warm throughout the year and receive abundant rainfall. The continuous warmth and rainfall provide an ideal condition for animals to survive.

8. Explain, with examples, why we find animals of certain kind living in particular climatic conditions.

Animals need adaptation to live in a particular climate. For example, polar bears have the right adaptations to survive in extremely cold climates. They have two layers of fur and a thick layer of fat under the skin. It is not possible for them to live in the rainforests of tropics. They will quickly die due to overheating if they are brought to the rainforests. By contrast, tropical animals can only thrive in the warm and wet climate of tropics because they lack the adaptations to survive in extreme cold.

9. How do elephant living in the tropical rainforest adapt itself?

Elephants are well-adapted to live in tropics. They have a strong sense of smell because of their long trunk which they use as nose. Using the trunk, elephants can also bring food to their mouth without having to bend down. Their tusks are modified teeth with which they can tear the bark of trees. Their large ears not only help them to hear even soft sounds but also keep them cool in hot and humid climates.

10. A carnivore with stripes on its body moves very fast while catching its prey. It is likely to be found in

(iv) Tropical rainforests

11. Which features adapt polar bears to live in extremely cold climate?

(i) A white fur, fat below skin, keen sense of smell

12. Which option best describes a tropical region

(i) hot and humid

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