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NCERT Class 7 Science Chapter 2 | Nutrition In Animals | Expected Questions

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Here are expected questions from chapter 2 of NCERT Class 7 Science book.

Fill in the blanks.

1. Plants prepare their own food by a process called ………………….. .

Ans) photosynthesis

2. The components of the food are :-

Ans) a) carbohydrates
b) fats
c) proteins
d) vitamins
e) minerals
f) water and roughage

3.Write the mode of feeding in different animals. (scarping, capturing, siphoning, sponging, swallowing, sucking, chewing)

a) snail eats the leaves by ………………
b) ant eats the food particles by ………………..
c) eagle eats small animals by ………………….
d) lice sucks blood by ………………………
e) butterfly eats the honey by ………………….

Ans) snail eats the leaves by scarping

Ant eats the food particles by scarping
Eagle eats small animals by capturing and swallowing
Lice sucks blood by sucking

Butterfly eats honey by siphoning

4. We take the food through the ……………..

Ans) mouth

5.The food passing canal can be divided into:

a) buccal cavity
b) food pipe or oesophagus
c) stomach
d) small intestine
e) large intestine ending in the rectum

f) anus

6. The different parts of the food canal together form the ……………… canal.

Ans) alimentary canal

7. The largest gland in the body

Ans) liver

8. The ……………… , ………………. and ……………… secretes the digestive juices.

Ans) liver, pancreas and stomach

9. The digestive track and the associated glands together constitutes the ………………………. .

Ans) digestive system

10. the process of intake of food is called the ……………… .

Ans) ingestion

11. The teeth used for cutting and biting ………………… .

Ans) incisors

12. The teeth used for tearing and piercing ……………… .

Ans) canines

13. The teeth used for chewing and grinding ………………. .

Ans) premolars and molars

14. The food pipe runs through the ……….. and the ………. .

Ans) neck and chest

15. The stomach is ……………………… bag.

Ans) a thick walled bag

16. The shape of the stomach is like ……………………… .

Ans) flattened J

17. The inner lining of the stomach secretes ……………, …………………….. and …………………………. .

Ans) mucous, hydrochloric acid and digestive juices

18. The small intestine is ……………. meters long.

Ans) 7.5 meters long

19.The ……………. is the largest gland in the body.

Ans) liver

20. The liver secretes the ……………. and stores them in a sac called …………………. .

Ans) bile juices; gall bladder

21. The pancreatic juices act on the ………………… , …………… and ………………. .

Ans) carbohydrates, fats and proteins

22. The pancreatic juice breaks down the carbohydrates into …………….. .

Ans) sugars or glucose

23. The pancreatic juice turns the fats into …………………… .

Ans) fatty acids

24. The pancreatic juice turns the proteins into …………………………….. .

Ans) amino acids

25. The inner wall of the stomach has thousands of finger like outgrowths called the ………………….. .

Ans) villi (singular villus)

26. The surface of the ………………. absorbs the digested food materials.

Ans) villi

27. The food that remains undigested and unabsorbed enters the …………………… .

Ans) large intestine

28. The length of the large intestine is about ……………… meters.

Ans) 1.5 meters long

29. The cows and buffaloes quickly swallow the grass and store it in a part called …………………. .

Ans) rumen

30. The partly digested food in the animals such as the cows and buffaloes etc are called …………….. .

Ans) cud

31. The grass eating animals are also called ………………. .

Ans) ruminants

32. What kind of carbohydrate is found in grass?

Ans) cellulose

33.Where does the digestion of cellulose happens in the body of horse and rabbits …………………….?

Ans) caecum

34. The cellulose is digested by the ……………. .

Ans) bacteria

35. Amoeba is found in the ……….. water.

Ans) pond

36. Amoeba has a ……………………, …………….., ………………….. and ……………………….. in its cytoplasm.

Ans) cell membrane, a rounded, dense nucleus and bubble-like vacuoles

37. Amoeba pushes out one or more finger like projections called ………………………. .

Ans) pseudopodia

38. Pseudopodia is also called as the …………………….. .

Ans) false feet

39. The amoeba traps its food in the ………………………… .

Ans) food vacuole

40. The solution for diarrhea is ……………………… .

Ans) ORS (Oral Rehydration Solution)

Match the following.

Name of animal kind of food

snail – blood
ant – almost everything
eagle – honey
humming bird – food particles
lice – leaves
mosquito – nectar
butter fly – small animals
house fly – blood

Answer

snail – leaves
ant – food particles
eagle – small animals
humming bird – nectar
lice – blood
mosquito – blood
butter fly – honey
house fly – almost everything

Answer the following questions

1. What is digestion?

Ans) The breaking down of complex substances in food into simpler substances that can nourish the body is called digestion

2. What is the use of digestive juices?

Ans) They convert the complex substances into simpler substances.

3. Write an activity to explain the action of saliva?

Ans) Take two test tubes and label them A and B. In test tube A put one teaspoon of boiled rice. In the test tube B put one teaspoon of boiled rice that was chewed for 3-5 minutes. Add 3-4 ml of water to both the test tubes. Now pour 2-3 drops of iodine solution to both the test tubes. The test tube A will turn bluish black in colour as it contains starch. Test tube B will undergo no colour change. This is because the saliva has broken the starch into sugars.

4. What is the function of tongue?

Ans) the tongue helps us to talk. It mixes the saliva with the food during chewing and helps in swallowing the food and it senses the taste of the food because it has taste buds on it.

5. Name the widest part in the alimentary canal?

Ans) stomach

6. What is the role of mucous in stomach?

Ans) It protects the lining of the stomach.

7. What is the role of hydrochloric acid in stomach?

Ans) The acid kills many bacteria that enter along with the food and makes the medium in the stomach acidic and helps the digestive juices to act.

8. Where is the liver situated?

Ans) The liver is situated in the upper part of the abdomen on the right side.

9. What is the use of bile juice in the body?

Ans) It plays an important role in the digestion of fat.

10. What is absorption?

Ans) Absorption is the process in which the digested food pass into the blood vessels in the wall of the intestine.

11. What is the use of villi in our body?

Ans) The villi increase the surface area for absorption of the digested food. Each villus has a network of thin and small blood vessels close to its surface.

12. What is assimilation?

Ans) The surface of the villi absorbs the digested food materials. The absorbed substances are transported through the blood vessels to different organs of the body where they are used to build complex substances such as protein required by the body. This is called assimilation.

13. What is the function of large intestine?
Ans) Its function is to absorb water and salts from the undigested food material.

14. What is egestion?

Ans) Egestion is the process of removing the faecal mater through the anus from time to time.

15. Why are cows, buffaloes and other grass eating animals always chewing?

Ans) The cows, buffaloes and other grass eating animals are always chewing because they quickly swallow the grass and store it in a part of the stomach called rumen. Here the food gets partly digested and it is called the cud. Later the cud returns to the mouth in small lumps and the animals chew it. This process is called rumination and these animals are called ruminants.

16. Where is caecum situated?

Ans) This is situated between the oesophagus and the small intestine.

17. Write about the amoeba?

Ans) Amoeba is a microscopic single celled organism. It is found in the pond water. It has a cell membrane, a rounded, dense nucleus and many bubble like vacuoles in its cytoplasm. Amoeba can change its shape constantly. It feeds on microscopic organisms. It traps its food in the food vacuole and then secretes digestive juices to the food vacuole. These juices act on the food and break it down into simpler substances. Gradually the digested food is absorbed.

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