Here are some expected questions from NCERT Class 7 Geography Chapter 2 Inside Our Earth.

1. Name the uppermost layer of earth

Crust

2. What is the thinnest layer of earth?

Crust

3. Name the minerals mainly present in earth’s continental mass

Silica and alumina

4. What is sial?

Sial stands for silica and alumina. These are the main mineral constituents of the continental mass.

5. Name the main mineral constituents of oceanic crust

Silica and magnesium

6. What is sima?

Sima stands for silica and magnesium. These are the main mineral constituents of the oceanic crust.

7. Which layer of earth lies beneath the crust?

Mantle

8. Which layer of earth forms much of its volume?

Mantle

9. What is the name of the innermost layer of earth?

Core

10. Name the chief minerals which make up the core of the earth

Nickel and iron

11. What is a rock?

A rock is a natural mass of mineral matter found on earth’s crust.

12. What are the three major types of rocks?

Igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks, and metamorphic rocks

13. What are igneous rocks?

When molten lava coming from the interior of the earth cools, it becomes solid. Rocks thus formed are called igneous rocks.

14. Igneous rocks are also called …………………….

Primary rocks

15. What are the two types of igneous rocks?

Intrusive rocks and extrusive rocks

16. What are extrusive igneous rocks?

When molten lava coming from the interior of the earth reaches the surface of earth, it cools down rapidly and becomes sold. Rocks thus formed on the crust of the earth are called extrusive igneous rocks. Example: basalt

17. What are intrusive igneous rocks?

Sometimes the molten lava cools down inside the earth’s crust. Solid rocks thus formed are called intrusive igneous rocks. Example: granite

18. The Deccan Plateau is made up of …………………………..

Basalt rocks

19. How are sedimentary rocks formed?

Rocks break into small fragments when they roll down or hit against each other. These small particles are called sediments. They are transported and deposited by agents like wind and water. Over time, these loose sediments compress and harden to form layers of rocks. Example: sandstone. It is made from grains of sand.

20. What are fossils?

Fossils are the remains of dead plants and animals trapped in the layers of rocks.

21. How are metamorphic rocks formed?

Under great heat and pressure, igneous and sedimentary rocks can change into metamorphic rocks. For example, clay changes into slate and limestone changes into marble.

22. What is rock cycle?

Under certain conditions one type of rock changes into another type of rock. This process of transformation of the rock is called the rock cycle.